Abstract ∆F-N curves are usually used to predict the fatigue life of spot welding in engineering. but they are time-consuming and laborious and not universal. For the purpose of predicting the fatigue life of spot welding accurately and efficiently. tensile–shear fatigue tests were conducted to obtain the fatigue life of spot-welded specimens with different sheet thicknesses combinati... https://iguanasellers.shop/product-category/automatic-watch/